Greek and Roman Influence in Psychology Essay -- essays research paper

Greek and Roman Influence in PsychologyVirtually every branch of knowledge, as we know it today, came from peculiarly two powerful empires of the ancient past, which atomic number 18 the Greek and Roman Empire. Although there were other civilizations, such as the Arabs and the Mayans, that made progress in knowledge, especially mathematics, the Greeks and Romans retain been more recognized for the development of other branches of knowledge. The Greeks and Romans have been known to be the promoters of the natural sciences and philosophy. Psychology stemmed from philosophy. Unlike philosophy, however, it encompassed the techniques of the natural sciences. Psychology seemed to be the standoff between philosophy and the sciences back then. The main concern of the discipline of psychology in ancient times was the speculation of the nature and locus of the mind, sensation and perception, memory, and learning. in that respect existed a strong connection between psychology and medicine , physiology, and neurology. The purpose of psychology, for the ancient physicians and philosophers, was to describe its procedures and demeanor in terms of science (e.g. medicine). In order to find the emergence of psychology, the advances in medicine in these ancient cultures must be discussed. That way, one can see how psychology was linked to each one of them, in one way or the other.Early Greek medicine was more of a divine matter. It was believed that the God Asclepius was the god of medicine. Priests would live at his temples and claimed they knew the ways of better people. It was not until around 500 B.C., a Greek physician named Alcmaeon began to dissect animals to observe their skeleton, muscles, and brain. This was most probably the first ever to describe a phenomenon finished objective observations. Through his observations, he believed that illness was due to an imbalance in the body. This idea prevailed for many centuries in the history of medicine.Hippocrates succe eded Alcmaeon and rejected the superstitious ideas of priests being the save healers. He founded a medical school and taught his students that since disease came from something natural, it must be treated by natural means. He believed that the body was able to heal itself by the power of healing of nature... ...atharsis. Today, psychology uses the catharsis theory to see how the happenings around us have the effect they do. Some psychologists, however, disagree that what we see causes catharsis, but imitation. The conceive is still being held.A long period of time lies between Ancient Greece and Rome and todays society. However, the same questions formulated by the ancients are still a mystery today. It seems quite odd that after many years, man has been unable to describe what occurs around him and in him. What has been done throughout the centuries, though, is the proceeds and modification of these theories Still, it shall never be forgotten that the Ancient Greeks and Romans were the first to come up with such theories. ReferencesBringmann, Wolfgang G. (1997). A Pictorial History of Psychology. Quintessence Publishing Co New York, New York.Corsini, Raymond J. (1994). Encyclopedia of Psychology. John Wiley and Sons, Inc New York, New York.Hothersall, David. (1995). History of Psychology. 4th ed. McGraw Hill Co New York, New York.

Gay and Lesbian Issues - Gender Identity in Gumbys Adventures :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Gay and Lesbian Issues - Gender Identity in Gumbys AdventuresWhen Jerry Falwells conservative paper outted Tinky-Winky (the purple Teletubby) as being gay, fans of the Teletubbies television series normally fell into two camps those who supported Tinky-Winky as a positive gay character and those who maintain Tinky-Winky has no developed sexual identity. A few strange with the BBC/PBS show asked the question, how can you even tell if Tinky-Winkys masculine? Brushed off by most fans as a naive inquiry, this concern does deserve discussion. How do we, as television viewers, determine gender identities for non-human characters? How is this complicated for peasantrens characters? Sometimes obvious cues are given to viewers. For instance, Mickey and Minnie Mouse are undeniably male and female. Due to current moral standards (at the time of Mickeys and Minnies creation, but also now), genitalia is not graphically displayed in childrens programming. Of course, genitalia is only an indica tor of physical identity, which whitethorn be different from the gender identity an individual accepts. Instead of physical clues, we look for other signs of masculinity and feminity. Mickey is usually a mans name, although that is not unendingly the case. Minnie is almost always a females name. Minnie wears a dress, thus presenting herself as female. Minnies high-pitched voice (higher than Mickeys) also forces viewers to accept her as female. The actions of Minnie are keeping with those of traditionalistic females. It is not Steamboat Minnie. Minnie does not break any stereotypes. Mickey controls most of the action, receives most of the press, and is the most famous of all Disney characters. It is Mickeys show Minnies just along for the occasional cameo. merely what happens when clothes are no longer an issue? None of the Teletubbies regularly wear clothes neither do the characters of Gumbys Adventures. Yet ask any child familiar with the characters and theyll like answer that G umby and Pokey are boys. How can they tell? How do they determine those assignments? Defining seepageGoo, from Gumbys Adventures, is Gumbys closest female friend (non-family member). Her high body is shaped like a cross between a seal and a raindrop. Long blond hair (made of yarn) signals to most people that Goo is female her high-pitched voice and long eyelashes usually cement the decision. While a few physical indicators exist, it is the way Goo is treated by the boys approximately her that truly identity her as girl and thus Other.

The Political Career of Richard Nixon Essay -- essays research papers

Richard Nixon served as the 37th president of the United States. He is closely known for the infamous Watergate scandal and was remembered by the American people as the first president to resign from office. However, he is also undoubtedly one of the virtually influential political figures when it comes to guiding the nation through one of its toughest time periods in report, as advantageously as breaking the ice on conflicting diplomacy with socialist countries such as China and the Soviet Union. Despite his downfall involving the Watergate Hotel, he had dedicated a tremendous amount of effort in domestic and world politics and made numerous contributions during his life as a politician, which would give enough reason for future historians to believe that the second fractional of the twentieth century is truly the age of Nixon.Richard Milhous Nixon was born into a poor family on January 9, 1913, in Yorba Linda, California, and was raised in the nearby small town of Whittier. His mother, Hannah Milhous, was well educated and a religious member of the Quaker Society, while his father Francis Anthony Nixon was uneducated, had no steady jobs, and was accused of being quarrelsome with nearly everyone around him (American President, http//www.americanpresident.org/history/). Nixon was very introvert as a child. He had a difficult early life with series of hardships, which made a lasting effect on his character and personality. He did not fit in with most of his peers and had a lifelong difficulty of trusting people outside of his family (Nixon, 1978, 5-15). His anger was kept inner(a) of him, which motivated him to develop a sense of competition and struggle, and inspired him to excel in school. He became the valedictorian of his grammar school and was an excellent debater in Whittier amply School. It was also there that he met first long-term girlfriend, Ola Florence Welch. Ola Florence was known for her beauty and strong character, with a brain to match. The two quickly ferocious in love and stayed together for six years. Ola Florence became engaged to Nixon in 1933. However, their romance fizzled as Ola Florence broke off their engagement in 1935 (Aitken, 1993, 58-65). Nixon analyze at Whittier College in California and graduated in 1934. He went on to pursue his study of law at Duke University Law School in spousal relationship Carolina. After graduating third in his class in 1937 (American President,... ...2004)-----. Nixons China Visit. http//www.fmprc.gov.cn/eng/ziliao/3602/3604/t18006.htm (March 12, 2004)-----. Who Said That?. http//www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/china/sfeature/wst_q3b.html (March 15, 2004)-----. U.S. Presidential Election, 1972.http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._presidential_election%2C_1972 (March 14, 2004)-----. Watergate Chronology, 1971-1972. http//www.watergate.info/chronology/1972.shtml(March 14, 2004)-----. Watergate Chronology, 1973. http//www.watergate.info/chronology/1973.shtml (March 14, 2004)Aitken, Jonat han. 1993. Nixon A Life. London, Great Britain butler & Tanner Ltd.Lewis, Alfred E. Washington Post, June 18, 1972. http//www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/watergate/articles/061872-1.htm (March 16, 2004)Nixon, Richard. Nixons Resignation Speech. http//www.watergate.info/nixon/resignation-speech.shtml (March 17, 2004)Nixon, Richard. 1978. The Memoirs of Richard Nixon. New York Grossett & Dunlap Publishers.

Greek Mythology - Aphrodite Essay -- essays research papers fc

Aphrodite is one of the most famous figures of Greek mythology, because Aphrodite was the Greek goddess of love, beauty, and sexual rapture. She was desired by nearly all of the Greek gods. Aphrodite was one of the twelve master(prenominal) gods on Mt. Olympus, and she was the most powerful goddess when it came to members of the opposite sex. There are many origins to Aphrodites birth. Some of them are She arose giving out of the foam of the sea, She is the lady friend of genus Zeus and Dionne, She is the daughter of Uranus and Gaia, which would make her a Titaness, or She is the daughter of Titans Oceanus and Tethys, making her an Oceanid. (Dittus 34-35) The most common origin of her birth is her being foam-born, which is what her name means (Parin 45). This origin says that Aphrodite arose nude and full-grown out of the foam of the sea and riding into the shore of Cythera on a scallop shell. She found Cythera to be too small of an island, so she went to live in Paphos, in Cyprus , which is still the principal seat of her worship.Although Aphrodite was the goddess of love and beauty, she had a magic girdle that she wore that made everyone fall in love with her. She could hardly ever be persuaded to lend it to anyone. Since Aphrodite had the magic girdle and was so beautiful, all of the gods fell in love with her. All of the goddesses were jealous of Aphrodite because all of the gods loved her instead of the other goddesses. Because of this, Zeus arranged a marriage for her with Hephaestus, the lame smith-god.Aphrodite, already regretting the trouble she had caused, took Adonis, and put him in a chest. She gave the chest to Persephone, asking her to hide it in a unforgiving place. Persephone couldnt stand non knowing what was inside the chest, so she opened the chest and found Adonis. Persephone found Adonis to be a very cute baby, so she took hi into her own palace to raise him. Aphrodite did not find out about this until Adonis was a grown man. When she d id find out about this though, she flat went to Persephones palace to claim Adonis. Persephone would not give him back to Aphrodite though, because she had made him her lover. Persephone appealed to Zeus, but Zeus knew that Aphrodite wanted to have him as her own lover. He refused to settle this slipperiness and transferred it to a lower court. The courts verdict was that Persephone and Aphrodite should get equal claims to ... ...aybe not so great, things during their lifetimes that are still remembered today. They were both main gods on Mt. Olympus. They may have not had many great times with each other according to myth, but they were still significant gods who had great lives. Many people use both of these gods to bear upon to things today, and she will be remembered for years and years to come. Her characters in Greek mythology are very significant and they will not be forgotten anytime soon.Works CitedHamilton, Earth. Mythology never-failing Tales of Gods and Heroes. sunr ise(prenominal) York Penguin Group, 1969.Ingri and Edgar Parin Dalaures. Book of Greek Myths. New York Bantam Dowbleday Dell Publishing Group, 1962.Pygmalion and Galatea. Hellenistic Network. http//www.hellenism.net/eng/mythology.html (6 April 2005)Bowman, Laurel. Classical Myths Aphrodite Texts. The Ancient Sources. http//web.uvic.ca/grs/bowman/myth/index.html (6 April 2005)Hamilton, Earth. Mythology Timeless Tales of Gods and Heroes. New York Penguin Group, 1969.Ingri and Edgar Parin Dalaures. Book of Greek Myths. New York Bantam Dowbleday Dell Publishing Group, 1962.

Factors that Negatively Effect Fetal Development Essay -- essays resea

Factors that Negatively Effect Fetal DevelopmentPregnant women that smoke cigarettes on a daily basis throne greatly harm their fetus. The Tobacco smoke in cigarettes greatly reduces fetal growth through the presence of nicotine, carbon paper monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, cadmium and various other aromatic hydrocarbons, but the two most dangerous chemicals that are found in cigarettes are nicotine and carbon monoxide. Nicotine causes the babies lovingness rate to speed up, reduces placental vascularisation, constricts the placental arteries, and thickens the endothelium of placental business vessels. This creates a reduction in the placental blood f pathetic, and further reductions in oxygen delivery. As well nicotine interferes with the ability of the placenta to feed the baby the nutrients it requires. Therefore the babies growth is slowed down. Carbon monoxide causes growing cells to be starved of oxygen, and effects the brain. This stool lead to a low birth weight and higher c hance of the baby dying at birth. Smoking is the single largest modifiable( changeable) risk factor in fetal growth retardation. agnate smoking during pregnancy is in addition associated with genetic defects as well as an increased incidence of congenital malformations such as cleft palates, microcephalus, and clubfoot. Mothers who smoke maven pack a day during pregnancy have an 85% increased risk of having a child with mental retardation. Mothers that smoke during their pregnancy have mental image the chance of having a child with behavural problems.another(prenominal) one of the biggest factors that disrupts fetal growth and development is alcohol. This is a very common substance abuse of heavy(predicate) women. Everytime the pregnant mother is drinking, her fetus is also drinking. The alcohol crosses the placental barrier, and goes directly into the fetuss liver. The ethanol found in alcohol may impair the nutrient support of the fetus. Acetaldehyde, a major metabolite, cros ses the placenta and is teratogenic. Since the alcohol stays in the fetus for a long time, the small liver is unable to metabolize the alcohol. The alcohol also travels through the blood stream going directly to the babys brain, and this can damage the central nervous system. The common, severe, and hazardous side effect that happens to the fetus because of alcohol is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. This is a very serious side effect that has lasting and abouttimes ... ...e the death of the fetus. Pregnant women should distant themselves from heavy metals. such as, lead and methyl mercury which can harm the fetus.All pregnant women should be aware and cautious about contacting a disease. Some of the diseases are fatal and very hazardous to the fetus, while some only have minor effects on the fetus. Many of the diseases contacted by pregnant mothers are sexually contacted diseases. Some examples of these diseases are Aids, and Gonorrhea. There are also other non-related diseases such as, R ubella, and Toxoplasmolisis and, which can affect the fetus.Toxoplasmolisis is a bacterial infection. This is a parasitic disease that can effect the fetus, by causing growth retardation.Another harmful disease that can affect the fetus is Rubella or otherwise called German Measles. Pregnant woman that have Rubella during the first trimester can effect the fetus and cause a syndrome of birth defects called congenital rubella syndrome. This can cause deafness, cataracts, congenital heart disease, and mental retardation.In conclusion, pregnant women should afflict to avoid all substances that can be potentially harmful to the fetus within them.

Graduation Speech -- Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

Well, this is it. Our last night. The last page of the scrapbook we call high school. Our scrapbooks be filled with memories from the first mean solar day we walked into these halls ... to this very night. Pictures crammed in, ticket stubs nestled between them, adorned by dried corsages and newspaper clippings, yellowed with every fond recollection. The prosperous pictures are the friends we?ve made in high school. Friends are what make life special. Every person we encounter has a definite effect on our lives. If star face in our scrapbook were missing, a part of our lives would disappear also. Remember the football game where you finally got the fight song right? That?s your ticket stub. perchance it was the musical that you rehearsed months for. Or felicitous at the state basketball tournament. Or ... Graduation Speech -- Graduation Speech, Commencement AddressWell, this is it. Our last night. The last page of the scrapbook we call high school. Our scrapbooks are filled with memories from the first day we walked into these halls ... to this very night. Pictures crammed in, ticket stubs nestled between them, adorned by dried corsages and newspaper clippings, yellowed with every fond recollection. The smiling pictures are the friends we?ve made in high school. Friends are what make life special. Every person we encounter has a definite effect on our lives. If one face in our scrapbook were missing, a part of our lives would disappear also. Remember the football game where you finally got the fight song right? That?s your ticket stub. Maybe it was the musical that you rehearsed months for. Or cheering at the state basketball tournament. Or ...

Graduation Speech -- Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

Well, this is it. Our last night. The last page of the scrapbook we call high school. Our scrapbooks are filled with memories from the first mean solar day we walked into these halls ... to this very night. Pictures crammed in, ticket stubs snuggle between them, adorned by dried corsages and newspaper clippings, yellowed with every fond recollection. The smiling pictures are the friends we?ve made in high school. Friends are what pay life special. Every person we encounter has a definite effect on our lives. If one face in our scrapbook were missing, a part of our lives would disappear also. opine the football game where you finally got the fight song right? That?s your ticket stub. Maybe it was the musical that you rehearsed months for. Or yelling at the state hoops tournament. Or ... Graduation Speech -- Graduation Speech, Commencement AddressWell, this is it. Our last night. The last page of the scrapbook we call high school. Our scrapbooks are filled with mem ories from the first day we walked into these halls ... to this very night. Pictures crammed in, ticket stubs nestled between them, adorned by dried corsages and newspaper clippings, yellowed with every fond recollection. The smiling pictures are the friends we?ve made in high school. Friends are what make life special. Every person we encounter has a definite effect on our lives. If one face in our scrapbook were missing, a part of our lives would disappear also. Remember the football game where you finally got the fight song right? That?s your ticket stub. Maybe it was the musical that you rehearsed months for. Or cheering at the state basketball tournament. Or ...

A Runaway Slave on the Underground Railroad Essay

The heat here is terrible. Sticky, thick heat that sticks to your skin and c circlehes and makes it disenfranchised to breathe. The mosquitoes only make it worse. They dont even wait for darknessfall to come discover anymore, provided buzz around all day and torwork forcet us out in the cotton wool fields. Ive got welts from their bites all up and down my arms and legs, and Im afraid it wont be long before theres a yellow fever epidemic. As you know, itll be the babies that go first if that happens, poor petty(a) things. Clara safe had her fourth last month, and Ether had her third just this week.Theres no rest for them, though. No, they had to be up and in those fields once again the very next day after giving birth, carrying their belittled babies with them. You know we have to start from dawn to dusk, with only a short break to eat in the middle of the day. The everyplaceseers are eer watching us, always so quick to strike out at us with the whip if they think were sla cking off or not working hard enough or fast enough. We get so hot and tired and thirsty in those cotton fields, just theres little in the way of relief except for a barrel of water with a ladle we all get to share from.I wish I was unmatchable of the foretoken slaves, then I could be out of this heat and sun beating down on my back. The house slaves are treated a lot better than we are. They get to raise the uninfected children and cook the meals and do the laundry, and become almost a part of the family. Oh, those white children love their black nannies But I guess Im not smart enough or pretty enough to be kept in the house. Ive got another indulge on the way, my second. I hope this one lives. Ive determined to get out of here. I cant go on uniform this. I hear there are people who get out help.Youre lucky, Aunt, that you had a kind master who gave you your freedom, and that you found a good man to marry and father you up spousal relationship where you can be free. If I find a way out of here, can I stay with you until I find work and a place to live? Ive got to go now and take this letter to the house slave from the farm next door who will escape this for me. I cant let anyone see me go, and I cant let anyone know I can read and write a letter. Thats illegal here, did you know. Slaves arent supposed to be educated. So, Ive got to sneak over there in cover of darkness.I hope to write to you again soon. Your loving niece, Libby July 17, 1853 Charleston, South Carolina Dear Aunt Betsey, The house slave from next door I told you about, remember him? His name is Milton. Hes the father of my baby, but as you know, slaves arent allowed to marry here. Anyway, he tells me he knows some people who will help me escape. Theyre good people, he says, white people who nauseate slavery. They will get me off the plantation and to a safe house somewhere. Then the people at that house will get me to another house, and so on, all the way up to the North.Im going to tell them that I want to go to my aunt Betsey Martins house in hot Bedford, Massachusetts. I hope thats all right. I hear New Bedford has a large population of us colored folks, and that we live right on with the white people there, side by side (McKivigan, 1999). I also hear there are good job opportunities, and that my baby can go to school with the white children. I dont know when all of this is going to take place, so I cant give you a time yet that I might be there, if this all works out and I dont get shot trying to escape, or dragged back here to be whipped approximatelyly to death, or worse.I admit, Im scared of what might happen, but I have to try, for me and for my baby. Milton says he will follow me, as soon as he can. Your loving niece, Libby September 23, 1853 Ashville, North Carolina Dear Aunt Betsey, Well, I did it I escaped the plantation. Three nights ago, I snuck over to Miltons farm like I always do. I had packed a little bundle of most of my belongings that I slung over my shoulder. It wasnt much. Just one other dress (my good one), some handkerchiefs, a hair brush, and some hard tack to eat, that was all.I knew if all went well, I wouldnt be coming back. I wont miss that plantation at all. I have no ties there, as you know. No family, since I was sold from the plantation where my mama and papa and brothers and sisters were 5 years ago. They sold my brothers and sisters at the same time as me, and I have no inclination where they went. I guess I should count us lucky we got to stay together until I was 13. Not many an(prenominal) slaves are that lucky. Ive just been subsisting in a cramped cabin with 5 other slave women with no family on the plantation, and they dont care much what I do.They know I have a beau next door, and they keep quiet about my comings and goings, as most of them have beaus of their own they have to sneak out to see. At Miltons farm, there were two white men and a white woman waiting inside Miltons cabin. Milton lives on the edge of the property, near the fence, so no one from the house was likely to see the dollar bills standing outside the cabin, and all the lanterns were blown out to make it extra dark besides. These white people were there to take me to a safe house in North Carolina. They had a horse for me, and some food in a little basket.I said my good-byes to Milton as quickly as I could, and he promised to come to me as soon as I was settled. Then, I got on my horse (I was scared, as Id never ridden a horse before) and followed the white people on their horses into the woods. In two days, we came to the home of a nice caudex keeper and his wife, and they hustled me inside, where Ive been staying in a nice, clean, cool bedroom with a real quilt on the bed and a wash off basin to wash my face in the morning and water to drink whenever I want it. The woman of the house even gave me a new dress to wear. Ive never felt so good, so clean.Im to stay here until a new group of people comes to take me to the next stop. The woman of the house here said Im now on the Underground stun. Thats what they call these safe houses along the way to the North (What Was the Underground Railroad? , n. d. ). The Underground Railroad. I like the sound of that. Its the Underground Railroad to freedom. Your loving niece, Libby October 6, 1853 Alexandria, Virginia Dear Aunt Betsey, I think I am getting closer to you. One of the children in my new safe house showed me a map of the United States and showed me where I am now and where you are.On a map, it does not look so far away, but I fear the journey is still many miles yet. There was such a commotion in North Carolina, you would not believe About a week after I escaped the plantation, a group of armed men came riding through town, place up signs with a drawing of me on them, announcing a runaway slave and a reward for my return. The woman of the safe house dressed me up as a man, and hid me in her attic until the men had ridde n through town, just in case they should come inside looking for me.They did not come in, thanks be to the Lord, but they did ask a the door if anyone had seen me. I was so afraid I would be given up for the reward, but these were good people who were defend me. I never went outside the house, even to go to the outhouse, so there was never any chance of being seen and recognized by one of the township (I had a chamber pot for my use, and it was the job of one of the children to empty all the chamber pots every morning). I dont remember how many days I was in the North Carolina safe house.One night, though, two free black women came to get me, and we walked together into the woods. We walked and walked, sleeping during the day and walking at night when it was easier to be invisible. They told me I was lucky, that most slaves who escaped the plantations didnt have anyone to help them until they got further north. They said the Underground Railroad didnt have too many operations in t he South, at least not yet, and that most slaves were on their own in getting to that first stop on the Railroad (Blackett, 2002).I was lucky to have Milton, who knew the right people. These free women lived in New York state, but they were former slaves themselves, and they made it their business to help other slaves to escape to freedom like they did. They said they made many runs along the railroad to collect people, like they were doing for me. We must have walked for a week, but I lost track of the acquire amount of time. Fortunately, Im not showing in my pregnancy yet, so I dont have a huge belly out to carry around with me, and I can still run pretty fast when I have to.Weve been lucky in that we havent encountered those men who were looking for me, and the only thing we ever had to run from is the occasional skunk or wild boar. I think god is looking out for me on this journey. We got to the next safe house in Alexandria in the middle of the night, just like before. This t ime, it was a family of Quakers who took me in. Quakers are some of the most active Christian abolitionists knotty in the Railroad (Wallis, 1983). I found that I was not the only slave waiting to be taken North. There were six others waiting, three men, a younger boy who was almost a man, and two women.We stayed all together in the barn, but it was a nice barn, clean and full of sweet-smelling cover for us to lay on, and we were fed three large meals a day. We didnt have to do any work. The family wanted us to learn a diametric way of life, one where we didnt have to do all the work all the time. They wanted us to experience getting waited on. I must admit, it was strange, but it felt strange in North Carolina, too. I liked it, but I think its going to take some getting apply to before not doing everything myself begins to feel anything less than strange. Your loving niece, Libby

Faust and Job Essay

While he was yet speaking , there came also another, and said, The fire of God is fallen from heaven, and hath burned up the sheep, and the servants, and consumed them and I unless am escaped alone to tell thee (Bridge Builders Bible, business organisation. 1.12-16). reflect loses his possessions, his children,and he suffers health wise. He becomes very ill, but no matter what biography brought him he still re primary(prenominal)ed faithful to God. Job could shake up easily prevailn in as Faust did. In this life we have choices to call whether they be near(a) or evil. We must suffer the consequences for every wrong deed we choose. It takes a strong forget power to be determined to do right identical Job. Faust believes there is a narrow limitation on the world in which he have been living until he interacts with Mephistopheles.Faust feels he knows enough about school of thought and heros of old legends. He now recalls for a divine law that proves that this action is the ru ling force of the universe. This pact think that was made was set up to run off Faust. Faust did not believe in a heaven or hell, which means he is betting his life rather than selling his soul. In Fausts instinct he is not sure if a eternal life even exists. If he gave up the world that he was living in he in truth felt that he would be just giving up something that dissatisfied him any way.Fausts desires is not so much an evil one, but the root that he has made this pact deal with the devil brings on many concerns about this decision he has made. The devil is unsure of his own ability to sue all the request that Faust made to him. However, the devil accepts these challenges and make sure the pact deal is signed in blood. Faust is very eager at this point to test all the aspects of life that he thinks he have neglected. Although at first Faust rejects the offers made by Mephistopheles, he still ends up given in to this temptation. Faust should have kept his belief when aspe ct, the worlds pleasures trampnot end his doubts or satisfy his needs (CliffnotesFaust study iii).Faust is being taking advantaged of because Mephistopheles knows Fausts weaknesses. He knows that Faust is striving to hear the universe and his place in it, while Mephistopheles has something totally different in mind from Faust. Faust just happened to be at the occasion in his life. He was a very well-esteemed man and an intelligent scholar who was highly looked on. The book of Faust came out during the eighteenth centuries, so attitudes then may have had an impact on how people, in particular Goethe may have viewed life. During that time attitudes were focused more toward earthly life and beyond. Looking at Faust attitude compared to Jobs, I see that Job was strong while Faust was weak. I find them to be different from each other just by viewing who gave in to this trick. It is plain to see that Faust gave in and Job stood his ground. It means a whole lot when someone dirty dog s tand their grounds and not be moved by nothing in this world.Jobs world was in turmoil, but this did not interfere with his faith nor the confidence he had. Satan was concerned with getting souls that he can keep for eternity. He used any tactics he could to seduce Faust. The Devil offered earthly things to blindfold Faust. The Lord did let Mephistopheles know that when he grants him licence to engage in Fausts life, Faust will be fully aware of the righteous path, whether he chooses it or not. I believe at this point Faust is initiation to see Mephistopheles for who he in truth is. I had came to this conclusion personally when I read these lines Your real being no less than your fame Is often shown, sirs, by your name, Which is not hard to analyze When one calls you the Liar, Destroyer, God of Flies. Enough, who are you then? Part of that force which would Do evil evermore, and yet creates the levelheaded.What is it that this puzzle indicates? I am the whole tone that negates. And rightly so, for all that comes to be Deserves to perish wretchedlyTwere better nothing would begin. Thus everything that your terms, sin, Destruction, evil represent- That is my proper element. You call yourself a part, yet whole make your debut (Goethe 705)? Mephistopheles was a smooth talking and slick which reminds me of Satan himself. Job at some point in his life wished he had never been born. How can anyone fault Job for feeling the way he did after going through these horrible storms in his life. He had to face these mountains and conquer his fears. I do understand Job was human beings, so he had a right to feel saddened or possibly even lonely.Faust longs to find something absolutely enduring so that he can end his alienation. He rather ignore reality just to have pleasures fulfilled for a few years rather than having something that will please him forever. Faust understands life, but he wants to dig deeper into the truth about supernatural things. In return for his s earch on this he turns to magic which leads him to making this pact deal with the devil in the first place. Satan plan he had for Job did not work as God said. Mephistopheles tries to criticize God by saying he made an imperfect world. However, he did help God carry out his will through using this pact deal with Faust. Satan main goal and purpose is to defeat God by taking over every soul. It is evidently true just reading And in return, what do you trust to take? Theres so much time so who insist? No, noThe Devil is an egoist And would not just for heavens sake Turn into a philanthropist. Make your conditions very clear Where such a servant lives, danger is near (Goethe 711). It is obvious that Mephistopheles is not on Faust side. once he get him right where he wants him he is going to surely take his life. What favorable can come from someone when they encourage another human being to take their life. No friend would want to see you die. I consider that to be for someone who ha tes you and they must be cold-hearted. One comes to know good by knowing evil. A person can not come to know God without knowing this knowledge. True knowledge is gotten only from experience. Just care the Devil Mephistopheles often speaks the truth to get what he wants.Faust wanted much and he was never satisfied so greed began to take over his life. Job was satisfied with what God had given him and that is how he was able to stand on the word of God. He return for Jobs pain God restored to him everything that he had lost. He gave him back more than what he had before. Faust struggle with self worth causes him to have an inability to have faith in God. However, God does not give up on Faust. Believe it or not God gives us many chances in this world today because he has not given up on us either. God knew Faust struggled, but he allowed him to reach his low point in order to draw him back. Mephistopheles duty was to lead Faust down a dark road. If Satan could have done the same thi ng to Job he would have, but Job was too strong for him.Therfore, Satan fault a loosing battle with Job. In the process Faust is responsible for three deaths in this story, although he was influenced by Mephistopheles. God has given us the spirit of unlimited belief.The battle really begins in our mind. It is our will and emotions that control what we do or think. We must stop limiting God by the level of our faith or belief. He is and will always be the God of the impossible. People must demand that Satan leave them alone and not just ask this. It is good to know that by the power of the holy spirit we have authority over Satan to tell him what to do. Satan must be put in his place. Satan is a great pretender, so dont be deceived by his fierce growl.I am encouraged knowing this scriptures, and put on the whole equip of God so that ye shall be able to quench all the fiery darts of the wicked (Bridge Builders Bible, Ephesians6.11-18). After being tested it feels good to know t hat s omeone passed their test and did not fail. I must be strong myself and not get caught up in the crossroads of my own life. People must have faith in order to make it in this world. Nothing can compare to what God has to offer us in heaven. God is amazing and he is the almighty whom we must answer to. It is great to have Job like attitude and not Faust attitude towards life. I encourage people to be strong in the Lord, having much faith.Works CitedJohann Wolfgang von Goethe. Faust. New YorkW.W Norton &Company, 1984. Lawall, Sarah, ed. The Norton Anthology of world literature .London Castle House, 1909.Rod Parsley. Bridge Builders Bible. Deerfield International Christian Publishers, 1997.Cliffs Notes -The Fastest Way to Learn. Wiley Publishing, Inc. 2000-2010 Faust, Parts 1 and 2. 11 November 2010.

Discover the affects of PH on the enzyme catalase

Catalase- This is an enzyme found in food such as tater and liver. It is used for removing enthalpy Peroxide from cells. atomic number 1 Peroxide is the poisonous by-product of metabolism. It speeds up the decomposition of total heat Peroxide into oxygen and water. It is able to do this because the shape of its active site matches the shape of Hydrogen Peroxide molecule. This type of reaction where a molecule is broken down into smaller pieces is an ANABOLIC REACTION.BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON ENZYMESEnzymes- Enzymes are complex three-D globular proteins, some of which have other associated molecules. Enzymes are a catalyst which alters the rate of chemical reaction without itself undergoing a permanent change, and indeed can be used over and over again.Enzymes help reactions speed up which would otherwise take place very slowly.While the enzyme molecule is relatively larger than the larger than the substrate molecule it acts upon, alone a small part of the enzyme molecule actua lly comes into contact. This region is called the ACTIVE SITE. The active site of an enzyme is the region that binds the substrate and contributes the amino acid residues that directly participate in the making and breaking of chemical bonds. However, all enzymes operate only on a specific shape and therefore fit only complementary locks, so only substrates of a particular shape will fit the active site of an enzyme.PredictionI herald that as the PH increases the activity of enzyme increases until the optimum PH is reached. Catalase optimum ph is around 6-7.after that the enzyme will be denatured.HypothesisThe enzyme will have an optimum pH of around neutral. Either side of the optimum pH will have relatively high rates of reaction or far away from the optimum pH will have a low rate of reaction. The enzyme catalase is found in many tissues including potato and liver. It is important because it breaks down the hydrogen peroxide create in metabolism. Hydrogen peroxide is toxic and if it were not broken down it would kill the cells. As it does this, it liberates carbon dioxide that can be collected.CHEMICAL EQUATION2H2O2 - 2H2O + O2I also hypothesize that the catalase activity will be highest with the sample of potato comparing to the apple.VariablesThe factors, which will have an affect on the enzyme activity, will be* Temperature* engrossment of enzymes* pHThe variable in which I will be using to investigate the enzyme activity is the temperature. The rest of the variables will be kept constant and only the temperatures will be changed.ApparatusTo test how the PH affects the rate of reaction, I will use the following apparatus* Gas syringe through tumble* Potato* Hydrogen Peroxide* Stop Clock* Cork borer* Scalpel* water Beaker-250 cm* Delivery Tube* Ph 3,5,7,9* 5 cm or 10 cm plastic syringe with end cut off* measuring cylinder* conical flask* White tile* wax* campaign tubes* Test tube rack* Safety equipment goggles, lab coat, glovesAlternativeUse yeast, broad beans or liver, instead of potato and apple.Method1. Measure out 5cm3 of potato into a conical flask2. Measure out 10 cm3 of buffer solution into a separate container and mix it with minced potato.3. Measure out 5cm3 volume of hydrogen peroxide in syringe.4. Fill a tub with water.5. Completely immerse a measuring cylinder in the water making sure to move around all air bubbles in the cylinder and keep underwater.6. Position the cylinder upright ensuring the open end remains underwater and clamp securely7. channel the hydrogen peroxide to the potato and place bung on conical flask whilst starting timer.8. Run experiment for 5 minutes taking readings either 30 seconds by noting the amount of gas at top of cylinder (at meniscus)9. Repeat the experiment with different ph.Justification of methodI have elect to use this method because it is safe, efficient and accurate. I feel that it will help me to obtain reliable results.Risk Assessment* Hydrogen peroxide is a dangerous subst ance. It can cause serious injury to the eyes and skin. It is therefore necessary that goggles be used for eye protection. In addition, eye irrigation equipment should be quickly available in case of an emergency.* The functional area must be clean, tidy and dry. Make sure there is no obstacle in the working area so that you can easily move around as. This allows you to perform the experiment safely and unimpeded care should be taken to ensure that smooth-spoken is not spilled onto the floor to cause slippage.Result tableTime(s)Oxygen gas collected (cm3)Ph 3 ph 5 ph7 ph930 1.5 1.5 0.5 1.560 1.5 3.0 1.5 2.090 1.5 5.0 2.0 2.0120 1.5 7.0 5.65 2.0150 1.5 8.3 10.3 2.0180 1.5 9.0 14.35 2.0210 1.5 10.0 17.35 2.0240 1.5 11.1 20.15 2.0270 1.5 13.6 24.15 2.0300 1.5 14.0 31.15 2.0These results clarify that the optimum ph for catalase is 7 which supports my prediction. At the lowest ph 3, less oxygen was released, measuring a slower rate of reaction. My background information explains this. The enzyme dont work as it is neared extreme PHS. This is because its shape would have been change slightly means the active site may not fit into the substrate any more.Further investigationIf this investigation were to be done again, I would take all results myself and use my own interpretation, and so gaining more reliable results. I will know how much potato to measure out for each experiment and also I will annoy sure that the other variables are kept constant. I have taken the same amount of each, keeping them constant. This would give me clearer results to aid me in my understanding as to how ph can affect the activity of catalase.

Rockaway pipeline

I do not support radon gas because of its harmful effects that posterior affect everyone around or using the gas. radon is second leading cause of lung cancer, the primary adverse health effect associated with chronic exposure to radon is lung cancer typically bronchogenic, squamous cell carcinoma, small cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma. Radon also has the potential to generate genotoxic effects higher incidence of chromosomal aberrations. Radon has been linked with erotogenic effects. Radon and smoking displayed a synergistic effect.Increased levels of exposure to radon increase the probability of observing an effect however, increased levels of exposure do not necessarily influence the type or severity of the effect. There are no zero risk thresholds for radon exposure, but instead, risk increases symmetrical to the exposure time. Pipelines can explode at any time for many different reasons, and those reasons can be the cause of why shopping malls, ouses, an d schools could be the victims of a fatal fire after the pipelines explode.You state that the pipelines would have periodic checks and be monitored 24 hours a day, every year, but tell that to the campers of Floyd Benet Park, the trees in that location are inclined(predicate) to fire, and I sincerely doubt that you wish to spend all your profits fixing on the reparation needed to replenish all the trees. Radon decays to evenly radioactive and dangerous particles, kindred polonium and radioactive lead, In addition, before being broken down to regular, non-radioactive lead.When people breathe in, radon is exhaled, but the radon particles ends up inside the lungs, which then will cause cancer. Only because the radon is a heavy, gas and usually gravitates towards the open floor, making in harmful for children, pets and adults The Radon particles and the progeny can plate out the sides ot gas pipelines, which makes the pipelines hot and radioactive, then making them hazardous. I rece ntly found out that in 1986, EPA had set a limit for exposure to radon in air at 4 picocuries per liter.Being that there is increased exposure to many inds of radiation in the world today. Universities and Organizations like John Hopkins Universities and the World Health Organization have said that 2. 7 picocuries per liter would be a much better standard, but in reality, there is really know safe level of exposure. To Whom is reading this Letter I sincerely hope you take account all of the facts and examples that I have create verbally and explained to you this day, and I hope the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission understands the dangers or this gas and how it can affect our community,

Roles, Responsibilities, Learning, Development and Assessment in the Life Long Learning Sector

My authoritys and responsibilities as a memorizeer include many f locomoteors, which I will be going through in this report. As my background is a fuzzdresser, I am looking to teach in the hairdressing orbit. My learners would ide exclusively toldy be 16-19 course olds aspiring hairdressers, although there could be the exception of mature adult learners, so I would contain to bare this in mind when teaching to ensure I cater to all individuals. The majority of my learners would in any case be girls with again whitethornbe the exception of some boys. As my group sector is precise narrow, which just a few exceptions, this could be a barrier for those individuals.For grammatical case if there is only 1 boy in a classroom full of girls, he could rule uncomfort fitting or intimidated. Initially I would pee to assess the situation myself, and then ensure in my lesson plan I include methods of inclusive learning. in that respect could be many early(a) barriers that learners c ould face for example, the environment, confidence, bullying, basic skills, and home problems. So it would be my responsibility to tackle these barriers with solutions immediately, such as setting a understand contract at the start of the lesson, making the environment comfortable for the learners, making it fun and inclusive, and even sign posting.As I take for already mentioned above some group sector issues that I may encounter, there could also be other issues such as pregnancy. In situations like this I would consider to offer advice to learners and sign post them to people who could befriend. I would need to make sure I always safeguard myself and keep to my contract of employment rules. I would need to champion where I dope, and offer advice, and signpost where I screwingt. For this I would need to assess individual needs at an early stage so that I can help, and mentor them throughout their training course.The main aim as a hairdressing teacher is to be able to pass on knowledge through practical and theory learning. There are 3 main learning styles visual ( suck uping and reading), auditory (listening and speaking), and kinaesthetic (touching and doing). I believe all 3 are very important in the hairdressing sector. I would need to include all 3 learning styles beca practise we as hairdressers need to see exactly what we are dealing with for example, hair colour, hair style, hair conditions. We would also need to listen to our leaf node needs, and offer advice. And finally our role is very practical, so we are always touching hair and doing things.Overall as I teacher I would need to be able to teach using all 3 styles so that learners can get personad to this. However I would need to bare in mind that some learners may learn better using one learning style to another, for example, they might learn better by watching a demonstration rather than having a theory handout. In that case I would offer them more support on the theory side of things . But in general if I workout all 3 learning styles I have a better chance to cater for all individuals. As sound as learning styles we also have to look at different teaching methods or activities.These could be things like lectures, group work, presentations, fieldwork, work placements, Q&A and case studies. Within the hairdressing sector what we use quite heavily are work placement, and practical work. This gives the learner a chance to gain some crucial hands-on experience of the works world. In terms of the theory side of hairdressing, we use a lecture styled method where learners can gain information, write notes etc. While using all these methods it is important to have a fun, bubbly and relaxed attitude in which learners can feel comfortable, and it allows their personality to come through.Getting everyone involved in group activities, concourse everyone around in demonstrations, all this promotes inclusive learning. It is very important for me to promote this behaviour a s it demonstrates a level of goodish characteristics that they would later on need in the hairdressing industry. I would also make the lesson interactive by using various resources such as you tube clips, live demonstrations, flip charts, and business office get, which would all be relevant in its own matter.For example, the use of power point when going through head and face shapes, or demonstrations when showing hair colouring. Another big responsibility of mine would be dealing with legislations. The Health and safety at work act 1974 and the COSHH act 1989, play a quick role in the hairdressing sector as well as many others. Some of the things that we have to deal with daily are, hazardous chemicals, infections, skin tests, unfounded objects and wiring hanging around, and hair waste.I would need to make sure risk avoidance procedures are in place such as corroding gloves when dealing with hazardous chemicals, having barbercide on the salon floor so tools can be cleaned aft er each client to stop the spreading of infections. As well as doing that, it is also my responsibility to have a risk assessment regularly. This could just be as simple as if I can see hair waste on the floor, I would need to make sure its swept up immediately, or If there is spillage of chemicals, or colour left(a) out in a bowl, I would have to get that cleaned up straight away.We also have to be aware of The Data protection act 1984 as we have many records that we need to keep. As teachers we always have to keep records in order to keep ourselves backed up. We would need to be able to provide evidence to governing bodies and clients, for when we have audits and even for self-development. Things such as attendance records, progress reports, assessment records and client records are all record memory and we need to ensure its all backed up and that they are stored away safely, in either something locked up, or password protected.As we are dealing with client records like name, a ddress, hair history, this also needs to be kept confidential, and only authorised people should be allowed to see this information. The Equality act 2010 is also very important. Equality seems to imply that everyone will be treated the same way, however when dealing with learners with different needs, abilities, backgrounds and so on, from a teachers point of view its all near providing each learner equal opportunity to achieve the goal.An example of this would be if an individual is struggling with keeping up with a detailed power point presentation maybe because he is dyslexic or visually impaired, in this case as I teacher I would need to make it reliable for him by giving out handouts. In order to make sure we are treating learners equally in accordance to their needs and abilities, it is vital to do slowdown assessments. Such assessments could be things like observation, 121s, monitoring, and group work. This gives me a better understanding on what learners have achieved an d what more they need to learn.Within my role I would in all likelihood use observation the most, as it is a quick and reliable method to use as we do quite a lot of practical work. For example when everyone is doing a practical such as setting the hair I can easily observe them and assess who is doing well, and what learners may need extra help etc. Or when doing an interim assessment on their theory work I could have 121s and chat about what they have achieved and what more they need to do, I could get feedback from them if they are struggling with any work etc. gain this is a valid and reliable assessment method. Once I have assessed my learner I am then able to adapt to that and work on those areas. For example if I set a task for learners to weave highlights and I can see that they are struggling with sectioning, I might bring everyone around or see them individually and go through how to section accurately. When doing summative assessments in hairdressing, they are again spli t in two. We have the practical assessments where we use methods such as observation or photographic evidence for their portfolio.And on the other hand for the theory we have methods such as multiple choice, project work, and problem scenarios. Before we even begin assessing we need to make the methods we use are fairly, valid, reliable, and current. That is why we have different kinds of assessments for practical and theory, because where a photographic evidence might be valid to show that a learner can change a clients hair colour, that may not be valid or reliable to show that the learner understands the colour wheel or alloy of colour.Between an observation and a photographic I would say an observation is better. The reason is because it ticks all the boxes in terms of it being fair, valid reliable and current, because you can see for yourself whether the learner completed the assessment within the timescale, whether they struggled, or even whether that was all there own work. However the only downside of the observation assessment would be it can be very time consuming, it might cause problems being able to visit salons to assess learners at a work placement.On the other hand photographic is valid however not very reliable but its advantage is that it is very quick, easy and simple. The other method of assessment we use a lot to understand whether a learner has understood knowledge of colour is by giving them a multiple choice test. This is a fair and valid method, however I wouldnt say it is very reliable because learners could just take a guess. At the end of each lesson for me it is important to get feedback, evaluate and reflect on the session. I encourage learners to ask any questions, or we may even have a discussion.We also share good practice for example one learner may have found it easier to do a task a particular way, and by sharing this with others it could help others achieve the same goal. We always reflect on each lesson where I revisit t he objectives set at the start of the lesson, this gives the learners and myself a sense of achievement. Some learners may even want to discuss other matters such as development, or other problems that they are facing, so I need to give them that time and send away them, or signpost them to other authorities. Feedback is also valued, so that I myself could perhaps change or improve things in future lessons.

Economic Levels vs. Food Choices

Overtime the ability to make tidy regimen choices while living in a connection of low family line Americans has become difficult to do. Poor communities atomic number 18 forced to make unhealthy decisions because they are not offered affordable, organic foods at their neighborhood markets. This causes forceful increases in corpulency cases across the country and also sets boundaries between low class and high class.In order to change this, the government needs to construct to a greater extent(prenominal) markets with broad choices of healthy meals and also offer help to low class citizens with cheaper alternatives of ood of better quality. Income If a single-parent household of six depends on a minimum enlist budget, their food choices are affected. With the goal of stretching their budget in order to feed many mouths, they turn to Junk food as an alternative. Although they can debase an excessive amount of cheap food, that cheap food is often high caloric and unhealthy for young children.Many parents disregard the quality of the foods because they Just see it as an alimentation they can afford. In other words to many low class families food is scarce and regardless of whether is healthy or not, it keeps they from starvation. Overall, less income leads to more quantities of unhealthy foods and since high class households can afford more pricey organic foods, their food choices increase in quality. Food Availability People belong to learn to like foods that are appropriate to their class while they are children. Childrens habits are based are what they are taught to eat. many poor neighborhoods are, indeed, food abandon (as cited in Miller, 2010 pg. 117) and that causes these families to have Junk food and fattening meals at their reach. As opposed to wealthier communities that have many Safeways and Wholefoods vailable in their neighborhoods where they have access to healthy food. This causes obesity to rise mostly in these low income communities b ecause they are so used to driving five minutes to a McDonalds rather than a market that is half an hour away that has foods they cannot even afford.They save themselves the time and humiliation they are put through when they see that the money they spend on a healthy meal that will last two days can be switched for unhealthier food that will fill them faster and last longer. Supermarkets have tried to prepare markets with organic ood but it comes obvious to investors that if they build one of their properties in a neighborhood that will not be able to buy have their products, they are in for a loss. Without access to healthy foods, a nutritious diet and good health are out of reach.And without grocery stores and other fresh food retailers, communities are missing the commercial nubs that make neighborhoods livable, and help local economies thrive. (The Food Trust Organization, 1992) Expensive Healthy Foods In 2010 CBSNews brought forth an update that explained to Americans the i mportance of ingest healthier for the sake of setting an example for younger enerations and the Journal Health Affairs said that if they did that, they would add hundreds more dollars to their annual grocery bill. When informed closely this, many low class families dreaded the idea that they would have to do the impossible Just to provide their family with healthier meals. Two children attending the same normal school, for example, would differ in the kinds of foods they would be take for lunch since the child coming from a high class family can afford healthier foods and is used to eating those foods. Some children are exposed to different varieties of meals rowing up and those children mostly grow up in small high class families that have no problem spending more on higher quality meals.Low Class vs. High Class This separation between low class and high class has become more obvious as a decrease in income around the world has come forth. Healthy foods have become a highlife only wealthy families can afford to enjoy.

Lawless

SYNOPSIS Creates diversionary platform for teens who atomic number 18 wretchedly charged for sexting or posting inner im ripens. CURRENT VERSION OF civilizebook As introduced. An Act creating a diversionary syllabus for certain juveniles, and amending P. L. 1982, c. 81 and supplementing Title 2A of the New island of Jersey Statutes. Be It Enacted by the Senate and General Assembly of the State of New Jersey 1. Section 2 of P. L. 1982, c. 81 (C. 2A4A-71) is revise to read as follows 2. Review and processing of kicks. a. The jurisdiction of the court in every explosive charge filed pursuant(predicate) to voice 11 of P. L. 1982, c. 77 (C. A4A-30) shall extend to the juvenile who is the subject of the commission and his pargonnts or guardian. b. all(prenominal) bearing shall be reviewed by court intake function for root onation as to whether the thrill should be dismissed, diverted, or referred for court action. Where the cathexis alleges a annoyance which, if committ ed by an adult, would be a iniquity of the first, second, third or fourth degree, or alleges a repetitive disorderly persons plague or every disorderly persons iniquity defined in chapter 35 or chapter 36 of Title 2C, the complaint shall be referred for court action, unless the prosecutor otherwise consents to diversion.Court intake services shall consider the following factors in ascertain whether to recommend diversion (1) The seriousness of the alleged hatred or conduct and the circumstances in which it occurred (2) The age and due date of the juvenile (3) The risk that the juvenile presents as a substantial danger to others (4) The family circumstances, including either floor of drugs, alcoholic drink abuse or squirt abuse on the part of the juvenile, his p arents or guardian (5) The spirit and image of contacts with court intake services and the court that the juvenile or his family have had 6) The outcome of those contacts, including the services to which the juve nile or family have been referred and the results of those referrals (7) The availability of appropriate services outside referral to the court (8) all good words denotative by the victim or complainant, or arresting officer, as to how the case should be resolved and (9) Any recommendation expressed by the county prosecutor and (10) The annoyance alleged is an bailable offence pursuant to section 3 of P. L. , c. (C. (pending forrader the Legislature as this observation) and the juvenile is eligible to participate in the educational tidy scheduleme set forth section 3 of P. L. ,c. (C. )(pending onward the Legislature as this file). (cf P. L. 1988, c. 44, s. 17) 2. (New section) Where a complaint against a juvenile pursuant to section 11 of P. L. 1982, c. 77 (C. 2A4A-30) alleges that the juvenile has committed an eligible offense satisfying the criteria set forth in subsection c. of section 3 of P. L. , c. (C. ) (pending before he Legislature as this bill) and the court has approved diversion of the complaint pursuant to section 4 of P. L. 1982, c. 81 (C. 2A4A-73) the liquidation of the complaint shall include participation in an educational program set forth in 3 of P. L. , c. (C. ) (pending before the Legislature as this bill). 3. (New section). a. As used in P. L. , c. (C. )(pending before the Legislature as this bill), eligible offense means an offense in which (1) the facts of the case involve the creation, exhibition or distri saveion of a rupture depicting nudity as defined in N.J. S. 2C24-4 through the use of an electronic communication device, an synergistic wireless communications device or a computer and (2) the creator and subject of the hit are juveniles or were juveniles at the time of its making. b. The Attorney General, in consultation with the Administrative Director of the Administrative maculation of the Courts, shall stand up an educational program for juveniles who have committed an eligible offense as defined down th e stairs(a) the victuals of subsection a. of this section.A juvenile who successfully completes the program shall have the opportunity to avoid prosecution for the eligible offense. c. inlet to the program shall be restrain to cases where (1) the juvenile has not previously been adjudicated delinquent for or convicted of a hatred or offense which, if committed by an adult, would constitute aggravated intimate round out sexual assault aggravated assault aggravated pitiful sexual contact endangering the welfare of a child pursuant to N. J. S. 2C24-4 luring or tempting a child pursuant to section 1 of P. L. 1993, c. 291 (C. C13-6) luring or enticing an adult pursuant to section 1 of P. L. 2005, c. 1 (C. 2C13-7) or an attempt to commit any of the enumerated offenses (2) the juvenile was not aware that his actions could constitute and did not have the intent to commit a cruel offense (3) thither is a likelihood that the juveniles offense is related to a cause or status that would be conducive to change through his participation in the educational program and (4) the benefits to society in admitting the juvenile into this educational program outweigh the harm done to society by abandoning twist prosecution. . The educational program shall provide information concerning (1) the legal consequences of and penalties for share-out sexually significative or explicit materials, including relevant federal and State statutes (2) the non-legal consequences of overlap sexually significative or explicit materials including, but not throttle to, the effect on relationships, loss of educational and employment opportunities, and being barred or removed from instill programs and extracurricular activities 3) how the unique characteristics of cyberspace and the Internet, including searchibility, replicability, and an infinite audience, can produce long-term and unexpected consequences for sharing sexually suggestive or explicit materials and (4) the possible con nection between bullying and cyber-bullying and juveniles sharing sexually suggestive or explicit materials. e. The Attorney General may promulgate guidelines to effectuate the victual of this act. 4. This act shall take effect on the first day of the seventh month after enactment. STATEMENTThis bill establishes an educational program as an alternative to prosecution for certain juveniles who are charged with a criminal offense for posting sexually suggestive or sexually explicit impressions, or who engage in the behavior commonly known as sexting, in which these pictures are transmitted via cell phones. The bill provides that where a complaint against a juvenile alleges that the juvenile has committed an eligible offense and the court approves diversion of the complaint, the colony of the complaint would include participation in the educational program created by the bill.The bill defines an eligible offense as an offense in which (1) the facts of the case involve the creation, e xhibition or distribution of a delineation depicting nudity as defined in N. J. S. A. 2C24-4 through the use of an electronic communication device, an synergistic wireless communications device or a computer and (2) the creator and subject of the photograph are juveniles or were juveniles at the time of its making. Under the bill, the Attorney General, in consultation with the Administrative chest of the Courts, would develop an educational program for these juveniles.A juvenile who successfully completes the program would have the opportunity to avoid prosecution for the offense. accession to the program would be limited to cases where (1) the juvenile has not previously been adjudicated delinquent for or convicted of a crime or offense which, if committed by an adult, would constitute aggravated sexual assault sexual assault aggravated assault aggravated criminal sexual contact endangering the welfare of a child luring or enticing a child luring or enticing an adult or an atte mpt to commit any of the enumerated offenses 2) the juvenile was not aware that his actions could constitute, and did not have the intent to commit, a criminal offense (3) at that place is a likelihood that the juveniles offense is related to a civilise or speckle that would be conducive to change through his participation in the educational program and (4) the benefits to society in admitting the juvenile into this educational program outweigh the harm done to society by abandoning criminal prosecution.The educational program would provide information concerning (1) the legal consequences of and penalties for sharing sexually suggestive or explicit materials, including applicable federal and State statutes (2) the non-legal consequences of sharing sexually suggestive or explicit materials including, but not limited to, the effect on relationships, loss of educational and employment opportunities, and being barred or removed from school programs and extracurricular activities 3) how the unique characteristics of cyberspace and the Internet, including searchibility, replicability, and an infinite audience, can produce long-term and out of the blue(predicate) consequences for sharing sexually suggestive or explicit materials and (4) the possible connection between bullying and cyber-bullying and juveniles sharing sexually suggestive or explicit materials. In addition, the bill amends N. J. S. A. 2A4A-71 to specifically provide for the diversion of juveniles into the newly created educational program created under the bill as one of the enumerated recommendations which can be made by the court.SYNOPSIS Creates diversionary program for juveniles who are criminally charged for sexting or posting sexual images. CURRENT VERSION OF TEXT As introduced. An Act creating a diversionary program for certain juveniles, and amending P. L. 1982, c. 81 and supplementing Title 2A of the New Jersey Statutes. Be It Enacted by the Senate and General Assembly of the State of New Jersey 1. Section 2 of P. L. 1982, c. 81 (C. 2A4A-71) is amended to read as follows 2. Review and processing of complaints. a. The jurisdiction of the court in any complaint filed pursuant to section 11 of P. L. 1982, c. 77 (C. A4A-30) shall extend to the juvenile who is the subject of the complaint and his parents or guardian. b. Every complaint shall be reviewed by court intake services for recommendation as to whether the complaint should be dismissed, diverted, or referred for court action. Where the complaint alleges a crime which, if committed by an adult, would be a crime of the first, second, third or fourth degree, or alleges a repetitive disorderly persons offense or any disorderly persons offense defined in chapter 35 or chapter 36 of Title 2C, the complaint shall be referred for court action, unless the prosecutor otherwise consents to diversion.Court intake services shall consider the following factors in determining whether to recommend diversion (1) The seriousness o f the alleged offense or conduct and the circumstances in which it occurred (2) The age and maturity of the juvenile (3) The risk that the juvenile presents as a substantial danger to others (4) The family circumstances, including any history of drugs, alcohol abuse or child abuse on the part of the juvenile, his parents or guardian (5) The nature and number of contacts with court intake services and the court that the juvenile or his family have had 6) The outcome of those contacts, including the services to which the juvenile or family have been referred and the results of those referrals (7) The availability of appropriate services outside referral to the court (8) Any recommendations expressed by the victim or complainant, or arresting officer, as to how the case should be resolved and (9) Any recommendation expressed by the county prosecutor and (10) The offense alleged is an eligible offense pursuant to section 3 of P. L. , c. (C. (pending before the Legislature as this bill) and the juvenile is eligible to participate in the educational reform program set forth section 3 of P. L. ,c. (C. )(pending before the Legislature as this bill). (cf P. L. 1988, c. 44, s. 17) 2. (New section) Where a complaint against a juvenile pursuant to section 11 of P. L. 1982, c. 77 (C. 2A4A-30) alleges that the juvenile has committed an eligible offense satisfying the criteria set forth in subsection c. of section 3 of P. L. , c. (C. ) (pending before the Legislature as this bill) and the court has approved diversion of the complaint pursuant to section 4 of P.L. 1982, c. 81 (C. 2A4A-73) the resolution of the complaint shall include participation in an educational program set forth in 3 of P. L. , c. (C. ) (pending before the Legislature as this bill). 3. (New section). a. As used in P. L. , c. (C. )(pending before the Legislature as this bill), eligible offense means an offense in which (1) the facts of the case involve the creation, exhibition or distribution of a photogra ph depicting nudity as defined in N. J. S. 2C24-4 through the use of an electronic communication device, an interactional wireless communications device or a computer and 2) the creator and subject of the photograph are juveniles or were juveniles at the time of its making. b. The Attorney General, in consultation with the Administrative Director of the Administrative Office of the Courts, shall develop an educational program for juveniles who have committed an eligible offense as defined under the provisions of subsection a. of this section. A juvenile who successfully completes the program shall have the opportunity to avoid prosecution for the eligible offense. c.Admission to the program shall be limited to cases where (1) the juvenile has not previously been adjudicated delinquent for or convicted of a crime or offense which, if committed by an adult, would constitute aggravated sexual assault sexual assault aggravated assault aggravated criminal sexual contact endangering the welfare of a child pursuant to N. J. S. 2C24-4 luring or enticing a child pursuant to section 1 of P. L. 1993, c. 291 (C. 2C13-6) luring or enticing an adult pursuant to section 1 of P. L. 2005, c. 1 (C. C13-7) or an attempt to commit any of the enumerated offenses (2) the juvenile was not aware that his actions could constitute and did not have the intent to commit a criminal offense (3) there is a likelihood that the juveniles offense is related to a condition or situation that would be conducive to change through his participation in the educational program and (4) the benefits to society in admitting the juvenile into this educational program outweigh the harm done to society by abandoning criminal prosecution. . The educational program shall provide information concerning (1) the legal consequences of and penalties for sharing sexually suggestive or explicit materials, including applicable federal and State statutes (2) the non-legal consequences of sharing sexually suggestive or explicit materials including, but not limited to, the effect on relationships, loss of educational and employment opportunities, and being barred or removed from school programs and extracurricular activities 3) how the unique characteristics of cyberspace and the Internet, including searchibility, replicability, and an infinite audience, can produce long-term and unforeseen consequences for sharing sexually suggestive or explicit materials and (4) the possible connection between bullying and cyber-bullying and juveniles sharing sexually suggestive or explicit materials. e. The Attorney General may promulgate guidelines to effectuate the provisions of this act. 4. This act shall take effect on the first day of the seventh month after enactment. STATEMENTThis bill establishes an educational program as an alternative to prosecution for certain juveniles who are charged with a criminal offense for posting sexually suggestive or sexually explicit photographs, or who engage in the beh avior commonly known as sexting, in which these pictures are transmitted via cell phones. The bill provides that where a complaint against a juvenile alleges that the juvenile has committed an eligible offense and the court approves diversion of the complaint, the resolution of the complaint would include participation in the educational program created by the bill.The bill defines an eligible offense as an offense in which (1) the facts of the case involve the creation, exhibition or distribution of a photograph depicting nudity as defined in N. J. S. A. 2C24-4 through the use of an electronic communication device, an synergetic wireless communications device or a computer and (2) the creator and subject of the photograph are juveniles or were juveniles at the time of its making. Under the bill, the Attorney General, in consultation with the Administrative Office of the Courts, would develop an educational program for these juveniles.A juvenile who successfully completes the progr am would have the opportunity to avoid prosecution for the offense. Admission to the program would be limited to cases where (1) the juvenile has not previously been adjudicated delinquent for or convicted of a crime or offense which, if committed by an adult, would constitute aggravated sexual assault sexual assault aggravated assault aggravated criminal sexual contact endangering the welfare of a child luring or enticing a child luring or enticing an adult or an attempt to commit any of the enumerated offenses 2) the juvenile was not aware that his actions could constitute, and did not have the intent to commit, a criminal offense (3) there is a likelihood that the juveniles offense is related to a condition or situation that would be conducive to change through his participation in the educational program and (4) the benefits to society in admitting the juvenile into this educational program outweigh the harm done to society by abandoning criminal prosecution.The educational prog ram would provide information concerning (1) the legal consequences of and penalties for sharing sexually suggestive or explicit materials, including applicable federal and State statutes (2) the non-legal consequences of sharing sexually suggestive or explicit materials including, but not limited to, the effect on relationships, loss of educational and employment opportunities, and being barred or removed from school programs and extracurricular activities 3) how the unique characteristics of cyberspace and the Internet, including searchibility, replicability, and an infinite audience, can produce long-term and unforeseen consequences for sharing sexually suggestive or explicit materials and (4) the possible connection between bullying and cyber-bullying and juveniles sharing sexually suggestive or explicit materials. In addition, the bill amends N. J. S. A. 2A4A-71 to specifically provide for the diversion of juveniles into the newly created educational program created under the b ill as one of the enumerated recommendations which can be made by the court.

Extraction of Benzoic Acid

Introduction The theory behind the line of descent of a solution submiting benzoic acidulousulous, cellulose, and methyl orange involves many components pertaining to the fundamental ideas of solubility and augury. Using the concepts of like dissolving like and acid base reactions, a solution of fundamental acid (benzoic acid), a water soluble compound cellulose, and an organic soluble compound methyl orange, can be sortd and benzoic acid can be quarantined by a method of extraction.At the fundamental level, organic solvents sort out from sedimentary solutions based on their varying densities, typically the organic layer being less dense and therefore on everywherestep of the sedimentary layer1. Therefore any solutes in those solutions are also separated and can be isolated from one a nonher. This phenomenon is the basis for the liquid-liquid extraction and leads into the concept of the partition coefficient. According to MtCg the ratio of concentrations of a solute in to each one layer is defined by the partition coefficient K, where K = C2 / C1.The distribution coefficient can therefore be viewed as the ratio of the concentration of the compound in organic solvent to the concentration of the same compound in aqueous solution. This constant allows for the calculation of dissolved compound in each layer of the solution, so that by and by several extractions, the yield can be sufficient for the purposes of the experiment. A second type of extraction, acid-base extraction, involves the addition of acids and bases in solutions to change the polarity of organic acids and bases to their corresponding water-soluble salts2.This allows us to take advantage of the liquid-liquid extraction to separate organic acids and bases from solution mixtures. Such extraction can be considered chemically active extraction because the polarity of one substance is altered to increase solubility in water. This type of extraction is necessary when twain compounds are non-p olar and dissolved well in organic solvents. For Experiment 1 Extraction of Benzoic Acid, a solution of benzoic acid, cellulose and methyl orange will first be added to ethoxyethane, heated and filtered to separate the organic insoluble cellulose leaving benzoic acid nd methyl orange. Then after adding NaOH, the benzoic acid will react to form the water-soluble salt, sodium benzoate, which can be separated via the liquid extraction technique. Finally adding HCl to the aqueous sodium benzoate will cause the acid-base reaction to undergo restoring benzoic acid in the organic layer and NaCl in the water layer. Reagent Table Experimental To start, a solution of diethyl ether was conflate with 4. 06g of crude benzoic acid with two impurities.Boiling stones were added to the mixture and heated over the steam bath until the ether solution began to boil. Once the solution was boiling to most efficiently dissolve the inorganic parts of the solution, the ether insoluble material was filter ed out of solution using the Buchner funnel vacuum filtration technique. The filtrate ether remain was added to a separatory funnel with 30mL of 1M NaOH, mixed and vented properly, and then rested as the solution settled into separate organic and aqueous layers.The bottom layer (aqueous) was drained from the separatory funnel into a beaker and another 30mL of NaOH was added to the left over ether, swirled and vented, separated, and the aqueous layer drained off into the same beaker as the first aqueous extraction. Next the aqueous solution that was collected was cooled on ice and 50mL of chilled 6M HCl was added to the mixture. At this point, a Bruchner funnel was employ to collect the toughened precipitate via vacuum filtration and those collected crystals were weighed out and set aside for the recrystalization of benzoic acid.Results The most important measurements do during this lab were the initial weight of the crude benzoic acid, which was 4. 06g, and the mass of the crys tals after the separation from the two impurities, 4. 88g. The accompaniment that the crystals weighed more than the starting material can be accounted for based on the lack of proper drying meter for the crystals, and will be accounted for when calculating the percent composition.Discussion After the results of the lab, there were a few points to consider in the final analysis. First off, and most importantly, after the crystals were obtained from the aqueous solution obtained by adding NaOH, the crystals were used immediately for the recrystalization and were not given the proper time to dry out, so the weight of the wet crystals must be used to calculate the percentage composition, which will be inaccurate.Another important note was after the HCl was added to the aqueous solution, the solution off-key bright pink, indicating that some of the methyl orange, which should have remained in the organic layer in the separatory funnel, had made it into our aqueous solution. To counte ract this, when the vacuum filtration technique was used, the solid precipitate was washed with distiller water to ensure the crystals did not contain a pink tint to them.The reason this lab works was because the first filtration got rid of the organic insoluble cellulose leaving methyl orange and benzoic acid in the ether mixture. Then, using the acid-base extraction technique, benzoic acid was altered to sodium benzoate, rendering it soluble in aqueous solution, which allowed for the separation of the sodium benzoate from the methyl orange (still dissolved in ether) and then the reformation of benzoic acid by adding a strong acid to the aqueous dissolved salt. References MtCg pg. 129 MtCg pg. 131

Fashion in the sixties

Sylvia Ayton, a look alumnus of the 1960ss peerless time said Suddenly it was the lilting 1960ss it was the most exciting, fantastic and charming clip. To be a indoor graphic designer so was fab. We kept our bandeaus but we abandoned our girdles, drawing on gaspyhose changed our lives in time more than the pill. The 1960ss was a decennary of far making alteration and London was the Centre of it. Thankss to a carrefour of music, movie, path and societal alteration such as the civil rights motion, sexual release and feminism, the 1960ss became the decennary for the puerile it was the clip of the youthfulnessquake. Poster bunks of the youthquake such as Jean Shrimpton, Twiggy and Penelope shoetree were frequently on the screen of means magazines such as Vogue. For sort indoor decorators it was a clip of great alteration, they were competent for the early clip to interrupt many manner traditions, mirroring the societal motions of the clip. Couturiers like Couregges an d Yves saint Laurent were among the few that embraced the freshly-fashioned age of design and started making vesture aimed at the young person instead than at their parents. They were in any case among the original that experiwork forceted with stuffs such as PVC and shortening hemlines.In 1961 the LBD or small black clothe which had become a genre in its ain right was reborn by Hubert de Givenchy when his design have in the movie Breakfast in Tiffanys. Givenchy designed the frock cognizing the wearer good he make the manner freshman and younger and in making so created an iconic manner minute. Audrey Hepburns elfin expressions and bantam figure contrasted aggressively with the smoldering gender of Anita Ekburg in her black frock in La dolce Vita. Givenchy was expecting a manner to come. As was the internal decorator Andre Couregges, with a background in architecture one of his first inventions in the Sixties was the white LBD, which heralded the start of a new age of mult itudinous consciousness. Couregges, along with interior decorator Paco Rabanne and Cardin were some of the first interior decorators to research space age expressions and the custom of different engineerings and stuffs. In 64 and as a direct influence of infinite travel the capital of Franceian fashion designer Couregges launches his space-age look which was both airy and vernal in cut and visual aspect. The interior decorator clothed his supposed accounts caput to toe in shimmering white synthetics, the coloring material, harmonizing to Couregges embodied the considerateness of white adding the coloring material Ag which evoked the Moons contemplation. In add-on to these colorss he use break up of Rhodid plastic plating, silver coloured spangles and vinyl phonograph record, in the spring of 65 Couregges moon girls stepped onto the catwalk for the first clip. The interior decorator combined short somewhat flared frocks with snow white wool coats, angular neckbands, futurist spectacless, and unfastened toes white boots. This aggregation was made to be wearcapable and comfy for immature adult females he likewise designed level white boots which are now known universally as go-go boots to imprimatur easiness of motion. Paco Rabanne besides used his preparation in architecture to force manner engineering further, the interior decorator created sculptural frocks made from fictile phonograph record and metal ironss which frequently entailed utilizing plyerss instead than bleed uping acerate leafs during the building. This extremist experimentation was an progressively widespread characteristic of elect manner in the Sixties.Diana Vreeland was an of importee figure in the Sixties she was unfastened to everything that was new, different and wild, therefore she was an devouring protagonist of Couregges Space get on movement. She became the editor of American Vogue in 1962 and was the Original High Priestess of appearance . Many influential interior dec orators and editors to this xxiv hours depict her as the biggest inspiration for their callings. Her words were force outful and influential she christened new tendencies and the people who made them with catchy headlines and metaphors. Her words such as beautiful people and Youth quake sums up the creative, judicious and rich plangency of the Sixties decennary. Her reaching in 62 had been handily timed, with her infinite energy and mavin for the extraordinary she non merely captured the kernel of the clip but shaped them seting unconventional beauties like Twiggy and Cher on the forepart screen, and having the Beatles and Mick Jagger on inside spreads, she dour Vogue into a magazine that no longish catered for merely society adult females. Vreeland besides changed the face of modern bag, Jean Shrimpton and Penelope Tree were Vreeland misss and for the first clip, theoretical accounts were stars and stars like Audrey Hepburn were theoretical accounts.One of Vreeland misss, Jean Shrimpton was the first high-fashion theoretical account to besides be a popular cover girl, her freewheeling manner made it possible for a whole globe of misss her age to link with the elegant and expensive apparels she modelled. A alumnus of the Lucie Clayton College, she was foremost spotted by David Bailey. As a twosome the brace became emblems of London in the early Sixties. Bailey said its about unachievable to take a bad image of her and that even in her passport she looked a great beauty . Shrimpton was a family name by the clip she was twenty five, she is besides credited with altering the class of popular manner. The miniskirt may hold been born on the catwalk but Shrimptons visual aspect in a mini frock at the Melbourne Cup in Australia ensured that every adult female cherished one. Shrimpton was a totem for British manner. British Vogue said of the Sixties and Shrimpton that the universe all of a abrupt wanted to copy the manner Britain looks. In New York it s the London Look and in Paris its le manner anglais .One of the most celebrated faces of the Sixties was Lesley Hornby Aka Twiggy. As a young theoretical account she weighed merely six and a half rock, but her organic structure matched Diana Vreelands description of the complete modern-day silhouette the smallest calves the straightest legs bantam, narrow, lissome pess beautiful carpuss and throat . Her calling started as a happy accident, at 56 Twiggy had been told she was excessively short to go a theoretical account but after Leonard of Mayfair, protege of Vidal Sassoon cut her long hair into a pixie harvest for a promotional shoot, her calling all of a sudden rocketed. This transmutation twinned with the theoretical accounts ain manner of make-up which consisted of three braces of ciliums, painted dolly ciliums on her lower palpebra and bare lips get her the rubric of The Face of 66 . Where Jean Shrimpton embodied the realistic side of the Sixties, Twiggy came to stand fo r the Youth temblor coevals.Across the H2O in America there was another Sixties icon, Penelope Tree. 1968 was the Trees twelvemonth, and she changed the impression of beauty. Tree non merely challenged the conventions of beauty but besides her celebrated line of descent. in addition to Twiggy, the Tree was created her ain image, frequently shaving her superciliums and attaching false ciliums on the bottom rims of her eyes, she didnt fit an ideal. In 2008 she said, I felt I was an foreigner so I didnt see anything incorrect with flavor like one, Tree was besides portion of what a journalist in 1967 called modelings new Personality Cult, which valued qualities other than cuteness. Other iconic theoretical accounts such as Veruschka, who portrayed herself as an artistic Gypsy and the alien Donyale Luna, the first black theoretical account to be internationally booming were portion of this cult . The Sixties was a disruptive decennary for the African American community, civil right s militants used noncompliance and non violent protest to convey about alteration. The federal authorities in America were able to do legislative headroom with enterprises such as the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the Civil Rights Act of 1968 ) . It was besides a clip where many leaders from the African American community rose to prominence including Martin Luther queen mole rat Jr, Rosa Parks and Malcolm X. They risked and sometime lost their lives in the name of freedom and equality. Donyale Lunas success as a theoretical account heralded a alteration in manners attitude to African Americans. The Sunday Times Magazine hailed her as thecompletely New Image of the Negro adult female. Fashion finds itself in an instrumental place for altering history . Naomi Sims was another black theoretical account who pave the manner for many, after infinite rejections from bureaus, during the 60s her continuity led to major track and column success. In 68 she appeared on the front screen of Ladi es Home Journal and had a strong presence in the manner universe. The interior decorator Halston told The New York Times that Naomi was the great embassador for all black people. She broke start all societal barriers.One interior decorator in specific was a innovator for sloped theoretical accounts, Yves Saint Laurent he was the first of all time haute couture interior decorator to utilize glowering theoretical accounts in his track shows. Saint Laurents repute was built on his supreme accommodate he was the first to feminize the dinner jacket, with Le Smoking in 1966. The interior decorator believed that the pant suit belied a sensuous muliebrity paired with stilettos and a felt hat the spare mens orienting merely highlighted a womans figure. The timing of this new design was perfect It appealed to the desires of the immature adult female who was merely deriving entree to deliver control, political power, and an executive calling. Saint Laurent power-dressing by a decennary, the suit became a symbol of success for calling adult females throughout the universe. capital of South Dakota Berge, friend and concern spouse of Saint Laurent one time said that whilst Chanel gave adult females freedom, Yves Saint Laurent gave them power . He was besides renowned along with Couregges for open uping pret-a-porter. In 1966 Yves alongside his spouse Pierre Berges turned off from the couture workshops and towards the handiness of pret-a-porter and in 67 they opened a dress shop called Rive unpolished in Paris. The Boutique sold Saint Laurents ready to have on aggregations and accessories like aroma, accoutrements and cosmetics. excessively in 66 after a brief suspension due to the pirating of his design Couregges reopened his design ingleside holding created a tiered manner system with three scopes, priced and manufactured on a slew graduated table Couture Future, Prototype and Hyperbole. This system was intended as a mass-marketed pret-a-porter, with the integr ating of off-the-rack into the manner system and the cultural alterations in the 2nd half of the 20Thursdaycentury, this theoretical account was adopted by couture houses exhausting to last.Mary Quant was another interior decorator who shaped the manner people dressed in the 1960ss, in 1964 she was responsible for taking the London Look to America and was renowned for being the British interior decorator that made miniskirts the icon of the sixtiess. Quants miniskirts were a far call off from the architectural mini lengths of Couregges in Paris, she used easy jersey forms in vivacious colorss traveling off from the 1950ss pastels. Quant besides played with the proportions of imperative manner garments scaling up cardigans and doing jerseies into frocks, she was besides the first interior decorator to level the barriers between twenty-four hours and eventide wear. Quant one time said that clothes should accommodate themselves to the minute. Girls want apparels they can set on firs t thing and still experience good in at midnight.( Boutique, A 60s Cultural Phenomenon, maritime Fogg) . Not merely was Mary Quant a polar influence to all female interior decorators as an enterpriser and an indispensable subscriber to the youthquake motion she was an icon. She wore her ain designs and epitomised the dolly bird image of the immature 1960ss miss and modelled the archetypical 1960s Vidal Sassoon bowl haircut that rapidly became synonymous with her vesture.Decisionhypertext transfer protocol //www.vogue.com/voguepedia/Penelope_Treehypertext transfer protocol //www.vogue.com/voguepedia/Jean_Shrimptonhypertext transfer protocol //www.vogue.com/voguepedia/Twiggyhypertext transfer protocol //www.cocoandcreme.com/2010/10/iconic-cover-girls/hypertext transfer protocol //www.vogue.com/voguepedia/Yves_Saint_Laurent_ ( Brand )

Outline the main values issues presented to a social worker by one of the case example given

line the main cling tos issues presented to a social worker by one of the case example given, with address to the CCETSW statement of Social Work values. Discuss how you would attempt to resolve the issues in line with the CCETSW value position. cause Study Ethel, Alan, MarionIn this essay I will be bulge outlining the importance of social work values, by looking at the social work values. I will be foc victimisation on the value issues within the case study which argon relavent to the CCETSWs statement of values, to under(a)stand and integerate the values of social work. In the subsidisation I will try to resolve the arising value issues in the accordance of CCETSWs statement values as a social worker. In this assignment by using the precondition social work it will be refering myself.In The meanings value argon divers and varied. Values are a combination of our beliefs, views on which we act upon. Initially, all individuals harbor some personalized values. A social worker has social work values, which are linked with his/her duties and responsibilities. Therefore, the delegation in any case imposes some values on social workers. In some terms social workers personal values merelytocks conflict or compete with others values. As Values are concerned whats frank and desireable(Loenberg and Dolgoff 1992, quoted in Meyer and Mattain, 1995p.51).The social work is a well know agency and institute, which provides service, support and advice to those people who are deprived, vulnerable and get hold ofy such as poor, elderly, women, children etc. The social work services are reliable, confidential, and every bit availiable to all individuals and groups. up to now, the social work is highly criticised to use their power wrongly, for example removeing children and adults from collection plate. On other hand, the occurance of neglegence and cry in the residential care. We should not forget that it is individuals act and it is not a fault of all members of institution. thusly to pervent abuse and misuseing of power, a social worker should practice on the basis of CCETSWs values, rules and regulations and use them as a guidence.Ethel is 93 years old, which is a fragile age. She may be discriminated and oppressed because of her age as statistics stageFamily and societyAs often seen in our society, peoples views about old people are negative. For example they tagged them as burden clumsy rages slow and lazy useless fussy childishand even mad. Ethels son, Alan, passed comments but thats old woman for you, isnt it? On the other hand, Alans wife Marion is antipathetic to answer the questions and burst into tears. Alan pays little attention which consecrates you think Marion is depressed for some reason. Which require assessment and colloquy to evaluate the situation. It is to a fault important to identify, analyse and take action to counter discrimination, racism and disfavors, inequality and injustice, using strategies appropri ate to role and context and practice in a manner that does not stigmatised or disadvantage either individuals, groups or communities. (CCETSW 1995P18)Physical and emotional concernsEthel is fit and healthy for her age but she is may be at risk, (perhaps she is not). But she had bruises and burnt the kettle. In my opinion it is important to assess the situation, circumstances, knowledge of forthcoming and quick resources and assistance which is concerned with the enhancement of human well being, (BASW 1986) Social workers urinate a obligation to relieve and prevent hardship and suffering. (CCETSW 1996) and communication to promote opportunities for children, adults, families at risk or in need to function, participate and develop. (CCETSW 1996 p 16)Choices and optionsIt is necessary to know about Ethels concerns. Social work gives clients respect, options, and choices.The options for client (from available resources) to choose from such as residential homes, care worker, health v isitors, community nurse, age concern and others.As choices available to users are often limited. (Nocon, A. et al 1996p 51) Although case worker have a correspondent handicraft to respect that right, recognise that need (Biestek, P.et al 1950, principle 6) respect their clients as individuals and will seek to ensure that their dignity, individuality, rights and responsibilities shall be safeguarded.(BASW 1986 10ii)Regardless of whether they are provided in the home or out side the home,(Lowy, L.1979 p 429)However only 5% living in any institution most elderly people choose to live with or near their families. Because of lack of community resources Many people are forced out of their homes, but not because the family wishes to be get rid of the older members. (Lowy, L. 1979p 65)PartnershipIt is essential to pass off with the client, family, friends, or other person or authorities (if involve) to work in partnership. In this case Ethals son, daughter-in-law or other family, care ma nager and friends at the day centre and GP (to find out if she have had any sort of injuries or bruises before).Emotional and Health issuesIt is stated that Ethel is being confused on occasions, and her short- term memory is poor but she can recall her memories from the past, which is clearly a rough and difficult existence. It to a fault has been acknowledged that she was a victim of domestic violence. She used to get beaten by her drunken preserve. A programme, broadcasted by Channel 2, showed that 87% of domestic violence victims are women. According to Unison 1 October 1997, current domestic violence legislation in England and Wales came into force under the Family Law Act. While there breathe loopholes in the Act. It does not make the civil law simpler and clearer, allow greater protection to more individuals and alter the use of powers of arrest. Despite this, a victim can live in trauma of fear and it also psychologically effects the personal abilities and qualities.It can affect victims for a long- term and blunt their abilities to operate their lives with confidence. And they can see it as a average of their life, may be Ethel have accepted it as norm thats why she is not unhappy. In our society, people are hesitate to talk about it, or saucer about it in the public or with friends which leave them isolated, alone, scared and helpless. It also develops a sort of hotshot of guilt. The longer you live in that situation the worst outcomes could be. Ethel described, as she was a victim of domestic violence, is she lifelessness a victim? Counselling could be a good solution for her if she requires it. But if she is still a victim of domestic violence (Statistics show that if a woman is being beaten by her husband then it could be possible that it can carry on by her son as he see himself Dominate or head) then there is a need of family therapy.Non-judgementalWe cant make judgements about others but for assessment we should consider each and every poss ibility and chances of risk and inequality. We are concern that personal help (individually and collectively) is offered within an acceptable personal and cultural context to increase the range of choices open to them and power to make decision, including the participation of client in ensuring and defining that the services are appropriate for them. (BASW 1986 10)Access to resource (care, finance, support, and Accessibility)Ethel home looks tidy but are there adequate support, resources and care available? Ethels family is living in a rented property and the house is in need of repair. Possibly, the land- lord can arrange to repair the property under the Tenancy Rights. May be Local Authorities can help to provide easy entrance to and out of home. One more issue, which clicks me, is why Alan took the electricity off Was it due to financial problems or are they neglecting Ethel. If Ethel needs to get up at night for her needs or she is not having enough kip then her GP can advice her. Mostly it has seen that the sleeping of the elderly people do change and also getting confused or short-term memory are related to old age. Lowy argues that chronological aging alone does not account for such changes but, instead, that they are connected with a number of other lifes circumstances. (1979 p 65)Persuading and cajoling of clients can range from the informal admission to a psychiatric hospitals to the gentle pressure on an elderly to compute residential care ( Thomas, & et al.) On the opposite, Tony Novak and Chris Jones (BASW 1993p 196) argue that social workers have found themselves with even some resources to meet the needs of more desperate clients. At the same time social worker has face increasing criticism and ridicule, not only from the media but also from the state itself, which has challenged its legitimacy and sense of individualism.